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- margin-left: 1px } - -table.docinfo { - margin: 2em 4em } - -table.docutils { - margin-top: 0.5em ; - margin-bottom: 0.5em } - -table.footnote { - border-left: solid 1px black; - margin-left: 1px } - -table.docutils td, table.docutils th, -table.docinfo td, table.docinfo th { - padding-left: 0.5em ; - padding-right: 0.5em ; - vertical-align: top } - -table.docutils th.field-name, table.docinfo th.docinfo-name { - font-weight: bold ; - text-align: left ; - white-space: nowrap ; - padding-left: 0 } - -/* "booktabs" style (no vertical lines) */ -table.docutils.booktabs { - border: 0px; - border-top: 2px solid; - border-bottom: 2px solid; - border-collapse: collapse; -} -table.docutils.booktabs * { - border: 0px; -} -table.docutils.booktabs th { - border-bottom: thin solid; - text-align: left; -} - -h1 tt.docutils, h2 tt.docutils, h3 tt.docutils, -h4 tt.docutils, h5 tt.docutils, h6 tt.docutils { - font-size: 100% } - -ul.auto-toc { - list-style-type: none } - -</style> -<!-- configuration parameters --> -<meta name="defaultView" content="slideshow" /> -<meta name="controlVis" content="hidden" /> -<!-- style sheet links --> -<script src="ui/small-black/slides.js" type="text/javascript"></script> -<link rel="stylesheet" href="ui/small-black/slides.css" - type="text/css" media="projection" id="slideProj" /> -<link rel="stylesheet" href="ui/small-black/outline.css" - type="text/css" media="screen" id="outlineStyle" /> -<link rel="stylesheet" href="ui/small-black/print.css" - type="text/css" media="print" id="slidePrint" /> -<link rel="stylesheet" href="ui/small-black/opera.css" - type="text/css" media="projection" id="operaFix" /> -</head> -<body> -<div class="layout"> -<div id="controls"></div> -<div id="currentSlide"></div> -<div id="header"> - -</div> -<div id="footer"> -<h1>Wounded hero revived</h1> - -</div> -</div> -<div class="presentation"> -<div class="slide" id="slide0"> -<h1 class="title">Wounded hero revived</h1> - -<p>Lessons learned from porting M2Crypto to Py3k</p> -<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Author:</th><td class="field-body">Matěj Cepl <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:mcepl%40cepl.eu">mcepl<span>@</span>cepl<span>.</span>eu</a>></td> -</tr> -<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">URL:</th><td class="field-body"><a class="reference external" href="https://matej.ceplovi.cz/clanky/PyCon18-m2crypto/slides.html">https://matej.ceplovi.cz/clanky/PyCon18-m2crypto/slides.html</a></td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> - -</div> -<div class="slide" id="origins"> -<h1>Origins</h1> -<ul class="simple"> -<li>Mitch Kapor sold Lotus to IBM and decided to perpetrate good. -One of his projects was <a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandler_(software)">Chandler</a>.</li> -<li>Project is <a class="reference external" href="https://gitlab.com/mcepl/chandler">gone</a> The only remainder of the project is -<a class="reference external" href="https://gitlab.com/m2crypto/m2crypto/">M2Crypto</a>, full Python binding for OpenSSL.</li> -</ul> -<p class="handout">Once upon a time, one Mitch Kapor, who sold Lotus to IBM, and -with money he got decided to perpetrate good. He did many -truly good things for the computer world, was co-founder of -EFF, helped with Mozilla Foundation, but he also founded -rather unsuccessful project, a Python-based universal PIM, -called <a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandler_(software)">Chandler</a>.</p> -<p class="handout">Subversion of the project has been mirrored couple of times, -one by me.</p> -</div> -<div class="slide" id="id1"> -<h1>M2Crypto</h1> -<ul class="simple"> -<li>M2Crypto was maintained by <a class="reference external" href="https://www.heikkitoivonen.net/">Heikki Toivonen</a> few years after -Chandler folded, but his last release 0.21.1 was from 2011.</li> -<li>Maintained in Red Hat by <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/mtrmac">Miloslav Trmač</a>.</li> -<li>I took over the project in May 2015.</li> -</ul> -<p class="handout">Maintenaned in Red Hat by <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/mtrmac">Miloslav Trmač</a>, who collected -all patches in RHEL package.</p> -<p class="handout">I took over the project in May 2015 with the intention just -to publish all patches and be a point of contact for any -issue reports. I haven’t expected much activity, because -package was very silent in RHEL.</p> -</div> -<div class="slide" id="strengths-and-weaknesses"> -<h1>Strengths and weaknesses</h1> -<!-- Strengths --> -<ul class="simple"> -<li>Backed up by stable C library</li> -<li>Rather large coverage of OpenSSL API</li> -<li>Surprisingly widespread use</li> -<li>Large test suite</li> -</ul> -<!-- Weakness --> -<ul class="simple"> -<li>Unknown issues</li> -<li>Python 3</li> -<li>M2Crypto API copies OpenSSL too closely</li> -<li>Support for Mac OS X and Windows (not mentioning <tt class="docutils literal">*BSD</tt>) was -broken.</li> -</ul> -<p class="handout">Backed by … comparing to PyCrypto and other horrors.</p> -</div> -<div class="slide" id="opportunities-threats"> -<h1>Opportunities & Threats</h1> -<!-- Opportunities --> -<ul class="simple"> -<li>Satisfying current user base</li> -<li>Replacing horrors like PyCrypto</li> -<li>Goal of maintenance is to maintain API</li> -<li>Extend support on non-Linux platforms</li> -</ul> -<!-- Threats --> -<ul class="simple"> -<li>Python <tt class="docutils literal">ssl</tt> module</li> -<li>Python <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/pyca/cryptography">cryptography</a></li> -</ul> -<p class="handout">Distribution bug tracker (especially an enterprise one) is -not a good measure of the real state of use and quality of -package.</p> -<p class="handout">There are apparently many programmers for custom software, -who use M2Crypto (still it is one of the most complete -bindings for OpenSSL).</p> -<p class="handout">Threats as a “competing” projects, which may replace -M2Crypto.</p> -</div> -<div class="slide" id="unicode"> -<h1>Unicode</h1> -<ul class="simple"> -<li>The biggest problem of all Python 2 programs: complete -confusion between py2k <tt class="docutils literal">str</tt> means py3k <tt class="docutils literal">str</tt> and when -<tt class="docutils literal">bytes</tt>.</li> -<li>There are numerous uses of both in M2Crypto, because of course -both strings and binary data are present in all functions of -OpenSSL.</li> -</ul> -</div> -<div class="slide" id="strategy"> -<h1>Strategy</h1> -<ul class="simple"> -<li>Type Hints</li> -<li>Documentation strings</li> -<li>CI</li> -<li>Extension of platform support</li> -</ul> -</div> -<div class="slide" id="c-api"> -<h1>C API</h1> -<ul class="simple"> -<li>All Unicode/bytes translation happens on C level as well</li> -<li>Based on <tt class="docutils literal">swig</tt>, which fortunately natively supports -<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--py3</span></tt>.</li> -<li>Also need to support two versions of OpenSSL API, 1.1 and -older.</li> -<li>Minimize use of <tt class="docutils literal">#ifdef</tt> s and rather use included shims -for missing functions.</li> -</ul> -</div> -<div class="slide" id="c-shims-of-missing-functions"> -<h1>C shims of missing functions</h1> -<ul class="simple"> -<li>For OpenSSL < 1.1</li> -<li>For Python 2<ul> -<li><tt class="docutils literal">PyLong_FromLong()</tt> and <tt class="docutils literal">PyUnicode_AsUTF8()</tt> just simple -<tt class="docutils literal">#define</tt> s.</li> -<li>All Pythons >= 2.6 contain whole set of Py3k function stubs -in <tt class="docutils literal">bytesobject.h</tt>.</li> -</ul> -</li> -<li>For Python 3<ul> -<li><tt class="docutils literal">PyFile_AsFile()</tt> I have no idea, why it was removed from -py3k API</li> -</ul> -</li> -</ul> -</div> -<div class="slide" id="type-hints"> -<h1>Type Hints</h1> -<ul> -<li><p class="first"><a class="reference external" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0484/">PEP 484</a> providing <strong>optional</strong> type annotations. Quite -controversial, but clearly very useful for libraries</p> -</li> -<li><p class="first">Native for Python >= 3.5, but supports py2k compatible syntax:</p> -<pre class="literal-block"> -def sum(x, y): - # type: (int, int) -> int - return x + y -</pre> -</li> -<li><p class="first">Especially useful for our situation: marking types helps us to -analyze what invidivual py2k <tt class="docutils literal">str</tt> actually mean.</p> -</li> -</ul> -</div> -<div class="slide" id="python-porting-shims-again"> -<h1>Python porting (shims again)</h1> -<p>The same principles apply as with C functions, “shims, not -<tt class="docutils literal">#ifdef</tt> s”.</p> -<ul class="simple"> -<li>Plenty of issues are resolved by using <tt class="docutils literal">six</tt> (or -<tt class="docutils literal">modernize</tt>, <tt class="docutils literal">future</tt>), so use them. If I did it again, -I would probably use <tt class="docutils literal">future</tt> (and wrote py3k code), but the -difference is slim.</li> -<li>Do not hesitate to create your own shims. So I have for -example, <tt class="docutils literal">bix_to_hex</tt> and <tt class="docutils literal">oct_to_num</tt> or padding functions -there.</li> -<li><a class="reference external" href="http://python-future.org/compatible_idioms.html">http://python-future.org/compatible_idioms.html</a></li> -</ul> -<p class="handout">Whoever does not understand LISP, is doomed to reinvent it. -Badly. LISP -> six</p> -</div> -</div> -</body> -</html> |