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diff --git a/doc/user/bas_char b/doc/user/bas_char new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7efa566 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/user/bas_char @@ -0,0 +1,325 @@ +@Section + @Title { Characters } + @Tag { characters } +@Begin +@PP +The usual way to get characters into a document is simply to type them as +characters. @Index characters +we have been doing all along. However, for some characters this is not +possible, either because they have some special meaning, as @Code "{" +and @Code "}" do, or because the keyboard has no button for them. This +section explains how to get every possible character: every printable +character in the ISO-LATIN-1 character set, every character in the Adobe +Systems Symbol font, plus the characters {@Char quotesinglbase}, +{@Char quotedblbase}, {@Char ellipsis}, {@Char OE}, {@Char oe}, +{@Char quotedblleft}, {@Char quotedblright}, {@Char fi}, +{@Char fl}, {@Char endash}, {@Char emdash}, {@Char bullet}, {@Char dagger}, +{@Char daggerdbl}, {@Char florin}, {@Char fraction}, and @Euro. If it +exists at all, you will find it here. ISO-LATIN-2 and Russian characters +are available separately. In principle, there is no limit to the characters +available, but to go beyond those given in this section requires expertise +in defining encoding vectors and fonts @Cite { $kingston1995lout.expert}. +@PP +First up we have the characters that you get simply by typing +them. The characters themselves are shown at the left, and what you +type to get them at the right: +@ID @OneRow @Tab + vmargin { 0.5vx } + @Fmta { @Col @CC A ! @Col @Code A ! @Col ! @Col @CC B ! @Col @Code B ! + @Col ! @Col @CC C ! @Col @Code C ! @Col ! @Col @CC D ! @Col @Code D ! + @Col ! @Col @CC E ! @Col @Code E ! @Col ! @Col @CC F ! @Col @Code F } +{ +@Rowa A { ! } B { $ } C { % } D { ' } E { ( } F { ) } +@Rowa A { * } B { + } C { , } D { - } E { 0 } F { 1 } +@Rowa A { 2 } B { 3 } C { 4 } D { 5 } E { 6 } F { 7 } +@Rowa A { 8 } B { 9 } C { : } D { ; } E { < } F { = } +@Rowa A { > } B { ? } C { A } D { B } E { C } F { D } +@Rowa A { E } B { F } C { G } D { H } E { I } F { J } +@Rowa A { K } B { L } C { M } D { N } E { O } F { P } +@Rowa A { Q } B { R } C { S } D { T } E { U } F { V } +@Rowa A { W } B { X } C { Y } D { Z } E { [ } F { ] } +@Rowa A { _ } B { ` } C { a } D { b } E { c } F { d } +@Rowa A { e } B { f } C { g } D { h } E { i } F { j } +@Rowa A { k } B { l } C { m } D { n } E { o } F { p } +@Rowa A { q } B { r } C { s } D { t } E { u } F { v } +@Rowa A { w } B { x } C { y } D { z } E { } F { } +} +Next come characters that have buttons but have a special meaning if +they are typed directly, and consequently have to be enclosed in double +quotes to turn off this meaning: +quote.chars @Index { quote characters } +@ID @OneRow @Tab + @Fmta { @Col @CC A ! @Col @Code B ! @Col ! + @Col @CC C ! @Col @Code D ! @Col ! + @Col @CC E ! @Col @Code F ! @Col ! + @Col @CC G ! @Col @Code H ! @Col I + } +{ +@Rowa + A { "\"" } B { "\"\\\"\"" } + C { "#" } D { "\"#\"" } + E { "&" } F { "\"&\"" } + G { "/" } H { "\"/\"" } +@Rowa + A { "@" } B { "\"@\"" } + C { "\\" } D { "\"\\\\\"" } + E { "^" } F { "\"^\"" } + G { "{" } H { "\"{\"" } +@Rowa + A { "|" } B { "\"|\"" } + C { "}" } D { "\"}\"" } + E { "~" } F { "\"~\"" } + G { } H { "\" \"" } + I { (space character) } +} +If you think you want {@Code "\""}, you probably really want `` and '', +for which see below. You can place whole sequences of characters, special +or not, inside one pair of double quotes: +@ID @OneRow @Tab + @Fmta { @Col A ! @Col ! @Col @Code B } +{ +@Rowa + A { "jeff/includes/su_crest.eps" } + B { "\"jeff/includes/su_crest.eps\"" } +@Rowa + A { "\"@PP\"" } + B { "\"\\\"@PP\\\"\"" } +} +Next we have some miscellaneous characters which have been deemed +sufficiently important to deserve their own symbols: +@ID @OneRow @Tab + vmargin { 0.5vx } + @Fmta { @Col A ! @Col @Code B ! @Col ! @Col C ! @Col @Code D ! + @Col ! @Col E ! @Col @Code F } +{ + @Rowa + A { `` } + B { "``" } + C { ,, } + D { ",," } + E { -- } + F { "--" } + @Rowa + A { '' } + B { "''" } + C { ... } + D { "..." } + E { --- } + F { "---" } + @Rowa + A { @Bullet bullet @Index @Code "@Bullet" } + B { "@Bullet" } + C { @Star star @Index @Code "@Star" } + D { "@Star" } + E { @ParSym parsym @Index @Code "@ParSym" } + F { "@ParSym" } + @Rowa + A { @SectSym sectsym @Index @Code "@SectSym" } + B { "@SectSym" } + C { @Dagger dagger @Index @Code "@Dagger" } + D { "@Dagger" } + E { @DaggerDbl daggerdbl @Index @Code "@DaggerDbl" } + F { "@DaggerDbl"} + @Rowa + A { @CDot cdot @Index @Code "@CDot" } + B { "@CDot" } + C { @Sterling sterling @Index @Code "@Sterling" } + D { "@Sterling" } + E { @Yen yen @Index @Code "@Yen" } + F { "@Yen" } + @Rowa + A { @Florin florin @Index @Code "@Florin" } + B { "@Florin" } + C { @Degree degree @Index @Code "@Degree" } + D { "@Degree" } + E { @Minute minute @Index @Code "@Minute" } + F { "@Minute" } + @Rowa + A { @Second second @Index @Code "@Second" } + B { "@Second" } + C { @Lozenge lozenge @Index @Code "@Lozenge" } + D { "@Lozenge" } + E { @Multiply multiply @Index @Code "@Multiply"} + F { "@Multiply" } + @Rowa + A { @Divide divide @Index @Code "@Divide" } + B { "@Divide" } + C { @CopyRight copyright @Index @Code "@CopyRight" } + D { "@CopyRight"} + E { @Register register @Index @Code "@Register" } + F { "@Register" } + @Rowa + A { @TradeMark trademark @Index @Code "@TradeMark" } + B { "@TradeMark"} + C { @Euro euro @Index @Code "@Euro" } + D { "@Euro"} +} +Next we have the complete ISO-LATIN-1 character set, whose members you +iso.latin.1 @Index { ISO-LATIN-1 character set } +char. @Index { @Code "@Char" symbol } +get with the @Code "@Char" symbol followed by the name of the character +you want: +@ID @OneRow -3p @Font @Tab + hmargin { 0.1c } + vmargin { 0.4vo } + @Fmta { @Col @CC @Char A ! @Col @Code { "@Char" A } ! @Col ! + @Col @CC @Char B ! @Col @Code { "@Char" B } ! @Col ! + @Col @CC @Char C ! @Col @Code { "@Char" C } ! @Col ! + @Col @CC @Char D ! @Col @Code { "@Char" D } } + @Fmtb { @Col @CC @Char A ! @Col @Code { "@Char" A } ! @Col ! + @Col ! @Col ! @Col ! @Col ! @Col ! @Col ! @Col ! @Col } +{ +@Rowa A { space } B { exclam } C { quotedbl } D { numbersign } +@Rowa A { dollar } B { percent } C { ampersand } D { quoteright } +@Rowa A { parenleft } B { parenright } C { asterisk } D { plus } +@Rowa A { comma } B { hyphen } C { period } D { slash } +@Rowa A { zero } B { one } C { two } D { three } +@Rowa A { four } B { five } C { six } D { seven } +@Rowa A { eight } B { nine } C { colon } D { semicolon } +@Rowa A { less } B { equal } C { greater } D { question } +@Rowa A { at } B { A } C { B } D { C } +@Rowa A { D } B { E } C { F } D { G } +@Rowa A { H } B { I } C { J } D { K } +@Rowa A { L } B { M } C { N } D { O } +@Rowa A { P } B { Q } C { R } D { S } +@Rowa A { T } B { U } C { V } D { W } +@Rowa A { X } B { Y } C { Z } D { bracketleft } +@Rowa A { backslash } B { bracketright } C { asciicircum } D { underscore } +@Rowa A { quoteleft } B { a } C { b } D { c } +@Rowa A { d } B { e } C { f } D { g } +@Rowa A { h } B { i } C { j } D { k } +@Rowa A { l } B { m } C { n } D { o } +@Rowa A { p } B { q } C { r } D { s } +@Rowa A { t } B { u } C { v } D { w } +@Rowa A { x } B { y } C { z } D { braceleft } +@Rowa A { bar } B { braceright } C { asciitilde } D { dotlessi } +@Rowa A { grave } B { acute } C { circumflex } D { tilde } +@Rowa A { macron } B { breve } C { dotaccent } D { dieresis } +@Rowa A { ring } B { cedilla } C { hungarumlaut } D { ogonek } +@Rowa A { caron } B { space } C { exclamdown } D { cent } +@Rowa A { sterling } B { currency } C { yen } D { brokenbar } +@Rowa A { section } B { dieresis } C { copyright } D { ordfeminine } +@Rowa A { guillemotleft } B { logicalnot } C { hyphen } D { registered } +@Rowa A { macron } B { degree } C { plusminus } D { twosuperior } +@Rowa A { threesuperior } B { acute } C { mu } D { paragraph } +@Rowa A { periodcentered } B { cedilla } C { onesuperior } D { ordmasculine } +@Rowa A { guillemotright } B { onequarter } C { onehalf } D { threequarters } +@Rowa A { questiondown } B { Agrave } C { Aacute } D { Acircumflex } +@Rowa A { Atilde } B { Adieresis } C { Aring } D { AE } +@Rowa A { Ccedilla } B { Egrave } C { Eacute } D { Ecircumflex } +@Rowa A { Edieresis } B { Igrave } C { Iacute } D { Icircumflex } +@Rowa A { Idieresis } B { Eth } C { Ntilde } D { Ograve } +@Rowa A { Oacute } B { Ocircumflex } C { Otilde } D { Odieresis } +@Rowa A { multiply } B { Oslash } C { Ugrave } D { Uacute } +@Rowa A { Ucircumflex } B { Udieresis } C { Yacute } D { Thorn } +@Rowa A { germandbls } B { agrave } C { aacute } D { acircumflex } +@Rowa A { atilde } B { adieresis } C { aring } D { ae } +@Rowa A { ccedilla } B { egrave } C { eacute } D { ecircumflex } +@Rowa A { edieresis } B { igrave } C { iacute } D { icircumflex } +@Rowa A { idieresis } B { eth } C { ntilde } D { ograve } +@Rowa A { oacute } B { ocircumflex } C { otilde } D { odieresis } +@Rowa A { divide } B { oslash } C { ugrave } D { uacute } +@Rowa A { ucircumflex } B { udieresis } C { yacute } D { thorn } +@Rowb A { ydieresis } +} +Of course, many of these characters can also be typed directly, or with the +aid of double quotes, as we have seen. If your keyboard has accented +accented @Index { accented characters } +characters on it, you can type them directly too; if not, you need to +use the @Code "@Char" symbol, in which case you will probably need +braces as well: +@ID @Code "gar{@Char ccedilla}on" +to distinguish the @Code "@Char" symbol and the character name from +adjacent letters. +@PP +Next we have the Adobe Systems Symbol font, a treasure trove of +symbol. @Index { Symbol font } +sym. @Index { @Code "@Sym" symbol } +exotic characters obtained with the @Code "@Sym" symbol: +@ID @OneRow -3p @Font @Tab + hmargin { 0.1c } + vmargin { 0.4vo } + @Fmta { @Col @CC @Sym A ! @Col @Code { "@Sym" A } ! @Col ! + @Col @CC @Sym B ! @Col @Code { "@Sym" B } ! @Col ! + @Col @CC @Sym C ! @Col @Code { "@Sym" C } ! @Col ! + @Col @CC @Sym D ! @Col @Code { "@Sym" D } } +{ +@Rowa A { space } B { exclam } C { universal } D { numbersign } +@Rowa A { existential } B { percent } C { ampersand } D { suchthat } +@Rowa A { parenleft } B { parenright } C { asteriskmath } D { plus } +@Rowa A { comma } B { minus } C { period } D { slash } +@Rowa A { zero } B { one } C { two } D { three } +@Rowa A { four } B { five } C { six } D { seven } +@Rowa A { eight } B { nine } C { colon } D { semicolon } +@Rowa A { less } B { equal } C { greater } D { question } +@Rowa A { congruent } B { Alpha } C { Beta } D { Chi } +@Rowa A { Delta } B { Epsilon } C { Phi } D { Gamma } +@Rowa A { Eta } B { Iota } C { theta1 } D { Kappa } +@Rowa A { Lambda } B { Mu } C { Nu } D { Omicron } +@Rowa A { Pi } B { Theta } C { Rho } D { Sigma } +@Rowa A { Tau } B { Upsilon } C { sigma1 } D { Omega } +@Rowa A { Xi } B { Psi } C { Zeta } D { bracketleft } +@Rowa A { therefore } B { bracketright } C { perpendicular } D { underscore } +@Rowa A { radicalex } B { alpha } C { beta } D { chi } +@Rowa A { delta } B { epsilon } C { phi } D { gamma } +@Rowa A { eta } B { iota } C { phi1 } D { kappa } +@Rowa A { lambda } B { mu } C { nu } D { omicron } +@Rowa A { pi } B { theta } C { rho } D { sigma } +@Rowa A { tau } B { upsilon } C { omega1 } D { omega } +@Rowa A { xi } B { psi } C { zeta } D { braceleft } +@Rowa A { bar } B { braceright } C { similar } D { Upsilon1 } +@Rowa A { minute } B { lessequal } C { fraction } D { infinity } +@Rowa A { florin } B { club } C { diamond } D { heart } +@Rowa A { spade } B { arrowboth } C { arrowleft } D { arrowup } +@Rowa A { arrowright } B { arrowdown } C { degree } D { plusminus } +@Rowa A { second } B { greaterequal } C { multiply } D { proportional } +@Rowa A { partialdiff } B { bullet } C { divide } D { notequal } +@Rowa A { equivalence } B { approxequal } C { ellipsis } D { arrowvertex } +@Rowa A { arrowhorizex } B { carriagereturn } C { aleph } D { Ifraktur } +@Rowa A { Rfraktur } B { weierstrass } C { circlemultiply } D { circleplus } +@Rowa A { emptyset } B { intersection } C { union } D { propersuperset } +@Rowa A { reflexsuperset } B { notsubset } C {propersubset} D {reflexsubset} +@Rowa A { element } B { notelement } C { angle } D { gradient } +@Rowa A { registerserif } B { copyrightserif } C {trademarkserif} D {product} +@Rowa A { radical } B { dotmath } C { logicalnot } D { logicaland } +@Rowa A { logicalor } B { arrowdblboth } C { arrowdblleft } D { arrowdblup } +@Rowa A { arrowdblright } B { arrowdbldown } C { lozenge } D { angleleft } +@Rowa A { registersans } B { copyrightsans } C {trademarksans} D {summation} +@Rowa A { parenlefttp } B { parenleftex } C { parenleftbt } D {bracketlefttp} + vmargin { 0.5vx } +@Rowa A { bracketleftex } B { bracketleftbt } C {bracelefttp} D {braceleftmid} + vmargin { 0.5vx } +@Rowa A { braceleftbt } B { braceex } C { angleright } D { integral } + vmargin { 0.5vx } +@Rowa A { integraltp } B { integralex } C { integralbt } D { parenrighttp } + vmargin { 0.5vx } +@Rowa A {parenrightex} B {parenrightbt} C {bracketrighttp} D {bracketrightex} + vmargin { 0.5vx } +@Rowa A { bracketrightbt } B {bracerighttp} C {bracerightmid} D {bracerightbt} + vmargin { 0.5vx } +} +There is only one Symbol font; it does not come in bold or italic faces +like the other fonts. Typing @Code "@B @Sym alpha" is therefore useless, +and anyway there is no bold @Sym alpha character in any font distributed +with Lout (except see Section {@NumberOf teq}). +@PP +Finally we have a few more characters that you get with the @Code "@Char" +symbol, although they aren't ISO-LATIN-1 characters. +@ID @OneRow -3p @Font @Tab + hmargin { 0.1c } + vmargin { 0.4vo } + @Fmta { @Col @CC @Char A ! @Col @Code { "@Char" A } ! @Col ! + @Col @CC @Char B ! @Col @Code { "@Char" B } ! @Col ! + @Col @CC @Char C ! @Col @Code { "@Char" C } ! @Col ! + @Col @CC @Char D ! @Col @Code { "@Char" D } } + @Fmtb { @Col @CC @Char A ! @Col @Code { "@Char" A } ! @Col ! + @Col ! @Col ! @Col ! @Col ! @Col ! @Col ! @Col ! @Col } +{ +@Rowa A { quotesinglbase } B { quotedblbase } C { ellipsis } D { OE } +@Rowa A { oe } B { quotedblleft } C { quotedblright } D { fi } +@Rowa A { fl } B { endash } C { emdash } D { bullet } +@Rowa A { dagger } B { daggerdbl } C { florin } D { fraction } +} +Most of these characters are also in the list of `characters important +enough to deserve their own symbols' given above. +@End @Section |