******** Tutorial ******** Introduction ============ Bugs Everywhere (BE) is a bugtracker built on distributed revision control. The idea is to package the bug information with the source code, so that developers working on the code can make appropriate changes to the bug repository as they go. For example, by marking a bug as "fixed" and applying the fixing changes in the same commit. This makes it easy to see what's been going on in a particular branch and helps keep the bug repository in sync with the code. However, there are some differences compared to centralized bugtrackers. Because bugs and comments can be created by several users in parallel, they have globally unique :mod:`IDs ` rather than numbers. There is also a developer-friendly command-line_ interface to compliment the user-friendly :doc:`web ` and :doc:`email ` interfaces. This tutorial will focus on the command-line interface as the most powerful, and leave the web and email interfaces to other documents. .. _command-line: `Command-line interface`_ Installation ============ If your distribution packages BE, it will be easiest to use their package. For example, most Debian-based distributions support:: $ apt-get install bugs-everywhere Bugs ==== If you have any problems with BE, you can look for matching bugs:: $ be --repo http://bugs.bugseverywhere.org/ list If your bug isn't listed, please open a new bug:: $ be --repo http://bugs.bugseverywhere.org/ new 'bug' Created bug with ID bea/abc $ be --repo http://bugs.bugseverywhere.org/ comment bea/def Command-line interface ====================== Help ---- All of the following information elaborates on the command help text, which is stored in the code itself, and therefore more likely to be up to date. You can get a list of commands and topics with:: $ be help Or see specific help on ``COMMAND`` with $ be help COMMAND for example:: $ be help init will give help on the ``init`` command. Initialization -------------- You're happily coding in your Arch_ / Bazaar_ / Darcs_ / Git_ / Mercurial_ / Monotone_ versioned project and you discover a bug. "Hmm, I'll need a simple way to track these things", you think. This is where BE comes in. One of the benefits of distributed versioning systems is the ease of repository creation, and BE follows this trend. Just type:: $ be init Using for revision control. BE repository initialized. in your project's root directory. This will create a ``.be`` directory containing the bug repository and notify your VCS so it will be versioned starting with your next commit. See:: $ be help init for specific details about where the ``.be`` directory will end up if you call it from a directory besides your project's root. .. _Arch: http://www.gnu.org/software/gnu-arch/ .. _Bazaar: http://bazaar.canonical.com/ .. _Darcs: http://darcs.net/ .. _Git: http://git-scm.com/ .. _Mercurial: http://mercurial.selenic.com/ .. _Monotone: http://www.monotone.ca/ Inside the ``.be`` directory (among other things) there will be a long UUID_ directory. This is your bug directory. The idea is that you could keep several bug directories in the same repository, using one to track bugs, another to track roadmap issues, etc. See IDs_ for details. For BE itself, the bug directory is ``bea86499-824e-4e77-b085-2d581fa9ccab``, which is why all the bug and comment IDs in this tutorial will start with ``bea/``. .. _UUID: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universally_Unique_Identifier Creating bugs ------------- Create new bugs with:: $ be new For example:: $ be new 'Missing demuxalizer functionality' Created bug with ID bea/28f If you are entering a bug reported by another person, take advantage of the ``--reporter`` option to give them credit:: $ be new --reporter 'John Doe ' 'Missing whatsit...' Created bug with ID bea/81a See ``be help new`` for more details. While the bug summary should include the appropriate keywords, it should also be brief. Unlike other bug trackers, the bug itself cannot contain a multi-line description. So you should probably add a comment immediately giving a more elaborate explanation of the problem so that the developer understands what you want and when the bug can be considered fixed. Commenting on bugs ------------------ Bugs are like little mailing lists, and you can comment on the bug itself or previous comments, attach files, etc. For example $ be comment abc/28f "Thoughts about demuxalizers..." Created comment with ID abc/28f/97a $ be comment abc/def/012 "Oops, I forgot to mention..." Created comment with ID abc/28f/e88 Usually comments will be long enough that you'll want to compose them in a text editor, not on the command line itself. Running ``be comment`` without providing a ``COMMENT`` argument will try to spawn an editor automatically (using your environment's ``VISUAL`` or ``EDITOR``, see `Guide to Unix, Environmental Variables`_). .. _Guide to Unix, Environmental Variables: http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Guide_to_Unix/Environment_Variables You can also pipe the comment body in on stdin, which is especially useful for binary attachments, etc.:: $ cat screenshot.png | be comment --content-type image/png bea/28f Created comment with ID bea/28f/35d It's polite to insert binary attachments under comments that explain the content and why you're attaching it, so the above should have been $ be comment bea/28f "Whosit dissapears when you mouse-over whatsit." Created comment with ID bea/28f/41d $ cat screenshot.png | be comment --content-type image/png bea/28f/41d Created comment with ID bea/28f/35d For more details, see ``be help comment``. Showing bugs ------------ Ok, you understand how to enter bugs, but how do you get that information back out? If you know the ID of the item you're interested in (e.g. bug bea/28f), try:: $ be show bea/28f ID : 28fb711c-5124-4128-88fe-a88a995fc519 Short name : bea/28f Severity : minor Status : open Assigned : Reporter : Creator : ... Created : ... Missing demuxalizer functionality --------- Comment --------- Name: bea/28f/97a From: ... Date: ... Thoughts about demuxalizers... --------- Comment --------- Name: bea/28f/e88 From: ... Date: ... Thoughts about demuxalizers... --------- Comment --------- Name: bea/28f/41d From: ... Date: ... Whosit dissapears when you mouse-over whatsit. --------- Comment --------- Name: bea/28f/35d From: ... Date: ... Content type image/png not printable. Try XML output instead You can also get a single comment body, which is useful for extracting binary attachments:: $ be show --only-raw-body bea/28f/35d > screenshot.png There is also an XML output format, which can be useful for emailing entries around, scripting BE, etc. $ be show --xml bea/35d ... Listing bugs ------------ If you *don't* know which bug you're interested in, you can query the whole bug directory:: $ be list bea/28f:om: Missing demuxalizer functionality bea/81a:om: Missing whatsit... There are a whole slew of options for filtering the list of bugs. See ``be help list`` for details. Showing changes --------------- Often you will want to see what's going on in another dev's branch or remind yourself what you've been working on recently. All VCSs have some sort of ``diff`` command that shows what's changed since revision ``XYZ``. BE has it's own command that formats the bug-repository portion of those changes in an easy-to-understand summary format. To compare your working tree with the last commit:: $ be diff New bugs: bea/01c:om: Need command output abstraction for flexible UIs Modified bugs: bea/343:om: Attach tests to bugs Changed bug settings: creator: None -> W. Trevor King Compare with a previous revision ``480``:: $ be diff 480 ... Compare your BE branch with the trunk:: $ be diff --repo http://bugs.bugseverywhere.org/ Manipulating bugs ----------------- There are several commands that allow to to set bug properties. They are all fairly straightforward, so we will merely point them out here, and refer you to ``be help COMMAND`` for more details. * ``assign``, Assign an individual or group to fix a bug * ``depend``, Add/remove bug dependencies * ``due``, Set bug due dates * ``status``, Change a bug's status level * ``severity``, Change a bug's severity level * ``tag``, Tag a bug, or search bugs for tags * ``target``, Assorted bug target manipulations and queries You can also remove bugs you feel are no longer useful with ``be remove``, and merge duplicate bugs with ``be merge``. Subscriptions ------------- Since BE bugs act as mini mailing lists, we provide ``be subscribe`` as a way to manage change notification. You can subscribe to all the changes with:: $ be subscribe --types all DIR Subscribe only to bug creaton on bugseverywhere.org with:: $ be subscribe --server bugseverywhere.org --types new DIR Subscribe to get all the details about bug ``bea/28f``:: $ be subscribe --types new bea/28f To unsubscribe, simply repeat the subscription command adding the ``--unsubscribe`` option, but be aware that it may take some time for these changes to propogate between distributed repositories. If you don't feel confident in your ability to filter email, it's best to only subscribe to the repository for which you have direct write access. Managing bug directories ------------------------ ``be set`` lets you configure a bug directory. You can set * ``active_status`` The allowed active bug states and their descriptions. * ``inactive_status`` The allowed inactive bug states and their descriptions. * ``severities`` The allowed bug severities and their descriptions. * ``target`` The current project development target (bug UUID). * ``extra_strings`` Space for an array of extra strings. You usually won't bother with this directly. For example, to set the current target to '1.2.3':: $ be set target $(be target --resolve '1.2.3') Import XML ---------- For serializing bug information (e.g. to email to a mailing list), use:: $ be show --xml bea/28f > bug.xml This information can be imported into (another) bug directory via $ be import-xml bug.xml Also distributed with BE are some utilities to convert mailboxes into BE-XML (``be-mail-to-xml``) and convert BE-XML into mbox_ format for reading in your mail client. .. _mbox: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbox Export HTML ----------- To create a static dump of your bug directory, use:: $ be html This is a fairly flexible command, see ``be help html`` for details. It works pretty well as the browsable part of a public interface using the email_ interface for interactive access. BE over HTTP ------------ Besides using BE to work directly with local VCS-based repositories, you can use:: $ be serve To serve a repository over HTTP. For example:: $ be serve > server.log 2>&1 & $ be --repo http://localhost:8000 list Of course, be careful about serving over insecure networks, since malicous users could fill your disk with endless bugs, etc. You can dissable write access by using the ``--read-only`` option, which would make serving on a public network safer. Driving the VCS through BE -------------------------- Since BE uses internal storage drivers for its various backends, it seemed useful to provide a uniform interface to some of the common functionality. These commands are not intended to replace the usually much more powerful native VCS commands, but to provide an easy means of simple VCS-agnostic scripting for BE user interfaces, etc. Commit ~~~~~~ Currently, we only expose ``be commit``, which commits all currently pending changes.