# Bugs Everywhere, a distributed bugtracker
# Copyright (C) 2008-2011 Chris Ball <cjb@laptop.org>
# Gianluca Montecchi <gian@grys.it>
# W. Trevor King <wking@drexel.edu>
#
# This file is part of Bugs Everywhere.
#
# Bugs Everywhere is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
# Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or (at your
# option) any later version.
#
# Bugs Everywhere is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
# General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with Bugs Everywhere. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
"""Define :class:`Tree`, a traversable tree structure.
"""
import libbe
if libbe.TESTING == True:
import doctest
class Tree(list):
"""A traversable tree structure.
Examples
--------
Construct::
+-b---d-g
a-+ +-e
+-c-+-f-h-i
with
>>> i = Tree(); i.n = "i"
>>> h = Tree([i]); h.n = "h"
>>> f = Tree([h]); f.n = "f"
>>> e = Tree(); e.n = "e"
>>> c = Tree([f,e]); c.n = "c"
>>> g = Tree(); g.n = "g"
>>> d = Tree([g]); d.n = "d"
>>> b = Tree([d]); b.n = "b"
>>> a = Tree(); a.n = "a"
>>> a.append(c)
>>> a.append(b)
Get the longest branch length with
>>> a.branch_len()
5
Sort the tree recursively. Here we sort longest branch length
first.
>>> a.sort(key=lambda node : -node.branch_len())
>>> "".join([node.n for node in a.traverse()])
'acfhiebdg'
And here we sort shortest branch length first.
>>> a.sort(key=lambda node : node.branch_len())
>>> "".join([node.n for node in a.traverse()])
'abdgcefhi'
We can also do breadth-first traverses.
>>> "".join([node.n for node in a.traverse(depth_first=False)])
'abcdefghi'
Serialize the tree with depth marking branches.
>>> for depth,node in a.thread():
... print "%*s" % (2*depth+1, node.n)
a
b
d
g
c
e
f
h
i
Flattening the thread disables depth increases except at
branch splits.
>>> for depth,node in a.thread(flatten=True):
... print "%*s" % (2*depth+1, node.n)
a
b
d
g
c
e
f
h
i
We can also check if a node is contained in a tree.
>>> a.has_descendant(g)
True
>>> c.has_descendant(g)
False
>>> a.has_descendant(a)
False
>>> a.has_descendant(a, match_self=True)
True
"""
def __cmp__(self, other):
return cmp(id(self), id(other))
def __eq__(self, other):
return self.__cmp__(other) == 0
def __ne__(self, other):
return self.__cmp__(other) != 0
def branch_len(self):
"""Return the largest number of nodes from root to leaf (inclusive).
For the tree::
+-b---d-g
a-+ +-e
+-c-+-f-h-i
this method returns 5.
Notes
-----
Exhaustive search every time == *slow*.
Use only on small trees, or reimplement by overriding
child-addition methods to allow accurate caching.
"""
if len(self) == 0:
return 1
else:
return 1 + max([child.branch_len() for child in self])
def sort(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""Sort the tree recursively.
This method extends :meth:`list.sort` to Trees.
Notes
-----
This method can be slow, e.g. on a :meth:`branch_len` sort,
since a node at depth `N` from the root has it's
:meth:`branch_len` method called `N` times.
"""
list.sort(self, *args, **kwargs)
for child in self:
child.sort(*args, **kwargs)
def traverse(self, depth_first=True):
"""Generate all the nodes in a tree, starting with the root node.
Parameters
----------
depth_first : bool
Depth first by default, but you can set `depth_first` to
`False` for breadth first ordering. Siblings are returned
in the order they are stored, so you might want to
:meth:`sort` your tree first.
"""
if depth_first == True:
yield self
for child in self:
for descendant in child.traverse():
yield descendant
else: # breadth first, Wikipedia algorithm
# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breadth-first_search
queue = [self]
while len(queue) > 0:
node = queue.pop(0)
yield node
queue.extend(node)
def thread(self, flatten=False):
"""Generate a (depth, node) tuple for every node in the tree.
When `flatten` is `False`, the depth of any node is one
greater than the depth of its parent. That way the
inheritance is explicit, but you can end up with highly
indented threads.
When `flatten` is `True`, the depth of any node is only
greater than the depth of its parent when there is a branch,
and the node is not the last child. This can lead to ancestry
ambiguity, but keeps the total indentation down. For example::
+-b +-b-c
a-+-c and a-+
+-d-e-f +-d-e-f
would both produce (after sorting by :meth:`branch_len`)::
(0, a)
(1, b)
(1, c)
(0, d)
(0, e)
(0, f)
"""
stack = [] # ancestry of the current node
if flatten == True:
depthDict = {}
for node in self.traverse(depth_first=True):
while len(stack) > 0 \
and id(node) not in [id(c) for c in stack[-1]]:
stack.pop(-1)
if flatten == False:
depth = len(stack)
else:
if len(stack) == 0:
depth = 0
else:
parent = stack[-1]
depth = depthDict[id(parent)]
if len(parent) > 1 and node != parent[-1]:
depth += 1
depthDict[id(node)] = depth
yield (depth,node)
stack.append(node)
def has_descendant(self, descendant, depth_first=True, match_self=False):
"""Check if a node is contained in a tree.
Parameters
----------
descendant : Tree
The potential descendant.
depth_first : bool
The search order. Set this if you feel depth/breadth would
be a faster search.
match_self : bool
Set to `True` for::
x.has_descendant(x, match_self=True) -> True
"""
if descendant == self:
return match_self
for d in self.traverse(depth_first):
if descendant == d:
return True
return False
if libbe.TESTING == True:
suite = doctest.DocTestSuite()
